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Classification and monitoring of shellfish harvesting areas in England and Wales ArchiMer
Rodgers, C; Lees, D; Hudson, S.
The EC Directive (91/492/EEC) on Shellfish Hygiene requires all Member States to classify their shellfish harvesting areas into one of three categories according to the degree of faecal indicator bacteria present in samples of shellfish flesh. Historically, a limited amount of bacteriological data for England and Wales has been collected by Local and Port Health Authorities, the National Rivers Authority, the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Food and other smaller organisations involves in survey work. However, in order to provide definitive classifications before 1 January 1993, it is necessary to implement on-going monthly sampling programmes at fixed points within each shellfishery. Consequently standardised sample collection protocols and...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: ANE; British Isles; Wales ANE; British Isles; England Escherichia coli Bivalvia Bacteria Self purification Marine molluscs Microbial contamination Classification Shellfish.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1597.pdf
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The behaviour of F specific bacteriophage in depurating shellfish with reference to their use as pollution indicator organisms ArchiMer
Lees, D; Dore, W.
The behaviour of sex-pilli specific (F+) bacteriophage during the depuration process was investigated using Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and edible mussels (Mytilus edulis) naturally contaminated with untreated sewage. F+ bacteriophage was eliminated considerably slower than E. coli. This effect was most pronounced in oysters which showed average T90 bacteriophage values of 62.5 hours compared with 11 hours for E. coli. F+ bacteriophage in mussels was largely confined to the digestive tract. The majority of E. coli were similarly located but, in contrast, counts were also distributed throughout the other internal tissues. Investigation of ultra-violet (UV) dosage showed that the difference in depuration rate was unlikely to be due to the higher...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Escherichia coli; Mytilus edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Indicator species; Marine molluscs; Bacteriophages; Pollution indicators; Marine pollution; Shellfish; Self purification.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1605.pdf
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